This report presents a summary of the key findings of KICTANet’s election observation mission during Kenya’s general election held on August 9, 2022.

In this comic, Tatua Support takes us through an introduction to Cyber Hygiene. Cyber hygiene is the practices and steps that users of computers and other devices routinely take to improve their online security and maintain system health. Cyber hygiene can be compared to personal hygiene practices to maintain good health and well-being, as cyber hygiene practices and precautions taken by users to ensure the safety, security and protection of data while maintaining the proper functioning of devices to protect them from outside attacks.

1. Provide a public API to IEBC results system, to enable observers and other stakeholders to access the database and carry out results analytics. 
2. IEBC should also provide access to the results transmission portal by disclosing and publicising the URL for the portal to the public.
3. Grant observers access to back-room server operations on the processing of results forms.
4. Ensure that the use of manual registers is supported by the expected documentary evidence as per IEBC regulations (such as approvals from Presiding Officers, and completion of requisite forms).
5. IEBC should transmit and display both text results entered in the KIEMS and the scanned result forms transmitted for all the elective positions across all polling stations to enhance transparency, accountability and verifiability of the elections. 
6. IEBC should publish publicly, the data protection impact assessment report and privacy policy. 
7. Ensure all technologies and devices to be used in the elections are all tested prior to deployment to ensure sufficient performance. 
8. Ensure comprehensive training of all election personnel well before the elections, especially on the aspects of the use of technology and devices.
9. Collaborate with electricity and telecommunications providers to ensure robust network and coverage during the elections, including ensuring that satellite backup is used in areas without 3G or 4G network coverage.
10. Incorporate cyber hygiene, digital security and privacy aspects in the curriculum used for the training of election officials. 
11. Take measures to prevent vendor lock-in in the acquisition and maintenance of its technology infrastructure. 
12. IEBC should respond in a timely manner to address any misinformation and disinformation targeting them. 
13. IEBC should publish and publicise important information for voter education on its website and disseminate them widely including on its social media handles.
14. Social media companies should take measures to address rising hate speech, misinformation and disinformation on their platforms.

This study assesses disinformation in Kenya’s political sphere. Disinformation is already in full display at national and grassroots levels, as politicians woo a heterogenous electorate divided along ideological, ethnic, economic, and demographic lines. While there exist multiple laws, social media platform guidelines, and user awareness efforts, disinformation remains a difficult beast to tame. This is particularly so in the heated and polarised environment of Kenyan politics, coupled with the sophisticated technological tools, technical ability of its perpetrators to create and disseminate content, and a public that is not sufficiently aware of disinformation. The data for this study has been gathered through a review of legal and policy documents from government and social media platforms, as well as interviews with respondents from the government, academia, political parties, digital content creation, and mainstream media.

Published by: Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTAnet) with support from DW Akademie.
Authors: Mwende Ngao and Rayhab Gachango.
Project Leads : Liz Orembo and Mwara Gichanga.
Editing: Grace Githaiga.

A large number of the East African population now lives online. In Kenya 98% access and use the internet, and has become one of the most essential resources in our day to day activities especially with the over reliance on technology during the pandemic. More businesses are going online for continuity, and more people are connecting with each other using the social networking platforms. Women’s active involvement on the internet is not only beneficial to their economic activities, but also in their careers, their need for artistry, social and political expression. Online content creation is a way of creating own footsteps and online identity. Women get to be known as experts in the field of the content they create. Against this background, KICTAnet sought to create a tool to guide different groups of women on content creation.

• To provoke and surface User concerns and challenges with respect to the FB Platform
• To provoke and surface User and Regulatory concerns and challenges with respect to FB Platform
• To discuss and build consensus around proposed solutions to the concerns.
• To receive feedback from FB on the user issues raised.

[caption id="attachment_42576" align="alignleft" width="300"] UNESCO R.O.A.M Principles (Rights, Openness, Accessibility, Multi-stakeholder)[/caption]

ISBN 978-92-3-100408-7. Over three years, UNESCO has developed a framework of Internet Universality ROAM-X Indicators, using a global, open, inclusive and multistakeholder process that tapped the world's wisdom. The result is a research instrument that contains 303 indicators (109 identified as core ones). These cover the categories of R.O.A.M (Rights, Openness, Accessibility, Multi-stakeholder) as well as 79 contextual and cross-cutting indicators to address gender equality and the needs of children and young people, economic dimensions, trust, and security, as well as legal and ethical aspects of the Internet. This unique and powerful resource was welcomed by the UNESCO Member States in UNESCO's International Programme for the Development of Communication (IPDC) in November 2018. The UNESCO IPDC Council has taken the decision to endorse the voluntary application of the ROAM-X indicators by stakeholders interested in conducting national assessments of Internet development.   The Kenya ICT Action Network (KICTANet) in collaboration with UNESCO undertook a project to conduct a national assessment of Kenya using the ROAM-X indicators framework. The framework is a unique and powerful resource which has been developed through an extensive process of research, consultation and analysis. The Kenya national assessments measured all the six categories of indicators, but with a focus on the 109 core indicators. UNESCO has published the national Internet Universality assessments for Benin, Senegal and Kenya. KICTANet developed the Kenya national publication.   UNESCO has published the national Internet Universality assessments for Benin, Senegal and Kenya. KICTANet developed the Kenya national publication.   The research output can be found on the UNESCO website and the KICTANet website with the ISBN 978-92-3-100408-7.

On 31st December 2018, the President assented to the Statute Law (Miscellaneous Amendment) Act No. 18 of 2018 which came into force on 18th January 2019. Section 9A of the Act amended the Registration of Persons Act by establishing a National Integrated Identity Management System (NIIMS). NIIMS is intended to be the single source of personal information of all Kenyan citizens and foreigners residing in the country. The ambitious project, dubbed “Huduma Namba” loosely translated to service number, is the subject of this study. This study provides the legal and historical context of Kenya’s national identity management system. It also examines the transition to a digital system, through the Huduma Namba project, and its human rights impact and concerns

1. Day one discussions: Entailed lectures and activities were about understanding Digital Literacy and understanding the importance of women being digital literate, introduction to Digital citizenship, using the various digital tools and platforms and finding your voice online by creating LinkedIn profiles, blogs, and podcasts.
2. Day two discussions: Included lectures and practicals focused on digital rights and how they are linked to our everyday activities, understanding the internet and how it works, Kenyan legal framework and its application on digital rights, how to get involved on issues online and managing digital footprints.
3. Day three: the participants went through practical activities on Digital security, how to be safe online through KICTANet’s 3-step method: JIJUE- Digital self-assessment, JISAFISHE-Digital Clean-up, JIPANGE- forming good habits online.